(第4空)Data security is the practice of protecting digital information from ( ) access，corruption,or theft throughout its entire lifecycle. It is a concept that encompasses every aspect of information security from the ( ) security of hardware and storage devices to administrative and access controls,as well as the logical security of software applications. It also includes organizational ( ) and procedures.Data security involves deploying tools and technologies that enhance the organization's visibility into where its critical data resides and how it is used. These tools and technologies should ( ) the growing challenges inherent in securing today's complex distributed,hybrid,and/or multicloud computing environments.Ideally,these tools should be able to apply protections like ( ) ,data masking,and redaction of sensitive files, and should automate reporting to streamline audits and adhering to regulatory requirements.